PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CONFINEMENT DUE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN A SAMPLE IN ADDICTION TREATMENT IN SPAIN

Erika Yohanna Bedoya Cardona; Gisela Hansen-Rodríguez; Antonio Molina-Fernández

doi:10.21134/haaj.v22i1.712

Autores/as

Erika Yohanna Bedoya Cardona Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3398-8188
Gisela Hansen-Rodríguez Asociación DIANOVA, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7681-0056
Antonio Molina-Fernández Universidad Complutense de Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1448-3301

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v22i1.712

Palabras clave:

Estrés Percibido, Estrategias de afrontamiento, Regulación emocional, Impacto del Confinamiento, Malestar Psicológico, COVID-19

Resumen

Objetivos: Describir, comparar e identificar la relación entre estrés percibido, estrategias de afrontamiento y regulación emocional, impacto del confinamiento, malestar psicológico, desesperanza y suicidalidad. Método: Administración online de los cuestionarios PSS, COPE, ERQ, IES-R, SCL-90-R, BHS y Escala de suicidio de Okasha a 35 adultos en tratamiento de adicciones, 24 hombres (68.67%) y 11 mujeres (31.43%), con edades entre 24 a 61 años (media = 42.8; D.E.= 10.1) seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Resultados: Se presentan puntuaciones altas en las estrategias dirigidas a la regulación emocional, puntuaciones medias en estrategias de afrontamiento pasivas y desesperanza, y puntuaciones bajas en las demás variables. Existen diferencias por género, nivel educativo, grupo de convivientes y tipo de recurso de tratamiento. El primer modelo multivariado incluye asociación positiva del estrés percibido con ansiedad y tratamiento en Unidad de desintoxicación, y asociación negativa con ansiedad fóbica. El segundo modelo incluye asociaciones positivas del impacto del evento con planificación, abandono de esfuerzos, crecimiento personal y desesperanza, y relación negativa con reinterpretación positiva. Conclusiones: Aunque el confinamiento ha incrementado las conductas adictivas a nivel mundial, recibir apoyo psicoterapéutico es un factor protector en salud mental.

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